Akkia Basic Grammar
The galatic language is made with a Topic-Coment structure, where Articles and Declension Cases marking words to make a free Word Order sentence formation, but essencially the
Topic is the First Argument of a Phrase.
Arts (Articles)
Articles, called "Art" in Akkia, are Formal and used only when they're obligatory, so as for, they are: 1. active (der), 2. accusative (al), 3. dative|lative (al|-i), 4. starter (ab), 5.
conceptual (el), and 6. agent other (+o).
Exemple:
Abbar (Man): Der abbar (the man; that do something); Al abbar (the man); Al abbrai (to the man; receptive); Ab abbar (from the man; starts with); El abbar (all that is man; manly);
Abbra o (the man; not the real agent, summon, quote, citation).
Simple Declension
In Akkia, the words are marked (or not: nominative) with their practical use inside the Sentence. This can be made by the use of Articles, Particles, Word Order (special), other special
formulae, Second Silables, and the very common and useful Declension.
Essencially, they're special Endings for Words.
The Declension Cases, in Akkia, are: 1. nominative, 2. accusative, 3. dative|lative, 4. trigger, 5. genitive, and 6. equative.
Exemple:
- Der abbar vil-a al kaybta al ena-i wa.
- The man gives the key (accusative) to the woman (dative|lative).
Declension
nama, nominative
# not marked
# a Name, Topic or Phrasal Subject
weimming, plural
# -s (simple), -t, -ks, -es; -ees (equative plural)
# marks more than (one)
# it's possibly used to show duality
# see: numbers and counters
sáakä, accusative
# -äs, -ä, -ta; -wara (formal)
# or use Focus: +ka
# it always indicates the Argument
inkleät, dative|lative
# -i, +i (post)
# motion, reception, or direction (to)
taytä, genitive
# -as, -n, -en (possibility), -täs; -sawa (formal)
# as a Word, it's: (a)taas (by)
# possession, component, or participation
affya, trigger
# -ya, -ia, -ea, -äa
# marks the Word that is the Focus
ekling, equative
# -e, -ae
# equality, same, similitude
# -käe
# shows group, or common relation
Old Delension - Museum
# It's not in use, anymore, but it's here to show if I decide to use it in the future again. You may use it, as you wish. I'll probably understand, as all speakers will.
tenkia, partitive
# -äs, -is, -ous, -ta; -káami (formal)
# unfinished, undetermined, indefinite, unknown identity
ikking, translative
# -(k)ki, -(k)iwa --> for incomplete
# -(en|er|es|el|em)king --> for complete (Narasalama)
# -(k)kiya --> for trigger
# transform something (into this)
Demonstratives
# na, ina, ana --> person, culture
# ra, ira, ara --> idea, centre, argument
# sa, isa, asa --> thing; known
# la, ila, ala --> time; ending as Adjective, as prefix negates an Adjective
# ma, ima, ama --> place; I (f) (Pronoun)
# (f) stands for: the Formal Relation Level of the Akkia language
# To use these Words, you need first to put i- (before) for Nama, or a- for the other declensions.
The use of Demonstratives as Afixes
narasalama, demonstrative
# -en --> possibility
# er- --> charge, download
# -es --> plural
# -el --> personification
# em- --> meaning, amount, measure
# the demonstrative word group used as afixes
# don't use them in other positions
Endings, and Second Silables
The Akkia galatic language uses these Endings (or special Afixes) shown here to place Word meaning and their Role in a Sentence. Other subtle and practical things are shown most of
the time as a group of one, two or three letters inside the first and the next silable, that is known as Second Silable. They add really important meaning to Words. As for Declension, the
use of Words must declare their subtle and practical Role. For that, they come at the "End" of Words. There are more Endings, but they must come just before this special kind of
Ending, that is Declension, except for Counters or any equivalent to a Counter.
So, these are the Basics on the Akkia galatic language Grammar.
Hope you're enjoying your reading.
This article is part of a summary set of essential explanations on Grammar, but I'll have exemples as soon as possible.
Mail me with your questions, and I'll try to answer the most succint as I might to.
Stay Plugged.
Monday, 5 July 2010
The Basic Akkia
Akkia Basic Grammar
The galactic language is made with a Topic-Comment structure, where Articles and Declension Cases marking words to make a free Word Order sentence formation, but essentially the Topic is the First Argument of a Phrase.
Art (Articles)
Articles, called "Art" in Akkia, are Formal and used only when they're obligatory, so as for, they are: 1. active (der), 2. accusative (al), 3. dative|lative (al|-i), 4. starter (ab), 5. conceptual (el), and 6. agent other (+o).
Example:
Abbar (Man): Der abbar (the man; that do something); Al abbar (the man); Al abbrai (to the man; receptive); Ab abbar (from the man; starts with); El abbar (all that is man; manly); Abbra o (the man; not the real agent, used in summon, quote, or citation).
Simple Declension
In Akkia, the words are marked (or not: nominative) with their practical use inside the Sentence. This can be made by the use of Articles, Particles, Word Order (special), other special formulae, Second Syllables, and the very common and useful Declension cases.
Essentially, they're special Endings for Words.
The Declension Cases, in Akkia, are: 1. nominative, 2. accusative, 3. dative|lative, 4. trigger, 5. genitive, and 6. equative.
Example:
- Der abbar vil-a al kaybta al ena-i wa.
- The man (active) gives (verb second) the key (accusative) to the woman (dative|lative).
Notes:
This exemple shows SVO structure, but it's here to be used as an exemple. In fact, Akkia doesn't need any special Word Order. What's important comes first, so "Der abbar" is the Topic, and you're speaking about it.
Now, you can start speaking about it without addressing it anymore, or until the emergence of some other Topic into the conversation.
The word "wa" is a Particle, and a Sentence type of Final, that marks "new information".
Declension
nama, nominative
# not marked
# a Name, Topic or Phrasal Subject
weimming, plural
# there is no simple plural in Akkia
# -banda, -bi, -ta, -kesa, -staka, +lot
# you may use all these to show possibility and use to show duality, more than one, groupe, or also a collective
# see: numbers and counters
sáaka, accusative
# -äs, -ä, -ta; -wara (formal)
# or use Focus: +ka
# it always indicates the Argument
ikklant, dative|lative
# -i, +i (post)
# motion, reception, or direction (to)
taktanta, genitive
# -as, -n, -en (possibility), -täs; -sawa (formal)
# as a Word, it's: (a)taas (by)
# possession, component, or participation
affya, trigger
# -ya, -ia, -ea, -äa
# marks the Word that is the Focus
ekling, equative
# -e, -ae
# equality, same, similitude
# -käe
# shows group, or common relation
Old Delension - Museum
# It's not in use, anymore, but it's here to show if I decide to use it in the future again. You may use it, as you wish. I'll probably understand, as all speakers will.
tenka, partitive
# -äs, -is, -ous, -ta; -káami (formal)
# unfinished, undetermined, indefinite, unknown identity
ikking, translative
# -(k)ki, -(k)iwa --> for incomplete
# -(en|er|es|el|em)king --> for complete (Narasalama)
# -(k)kiya --> for trigger
# transform something (into this)
Demonstratives
# na, ina, ana @ person, culture
# ra, ira, ara @ idea, centre, argument
# sa, isa, asa @ thing; known
# la, ila, ala @ time; ending as adjective, as prefix negates an adjective
# ma, ima, ama @ place; I (f) (Pronoun)
# (f) stands for: the Formal Relation Level of the Akkia language
# To use these Words, you need first to put i- (before) for Nama, or a- for the other declensions.
Notes:
You use "na" as a particle, but "ina" as "a person", and "ana" as "this person", but there are other Words derived from this, as "anata" to speak about "this indefinite person", the "naka" that means "someone", or "innaka" used to address second person singular "you" as a special person that's topicalyzed into the conversation.
The use of Demonstratives as Afixes
Narasalama, demonstratives
# the demonstrative word group used as afixes
# -en @ possibility
# -ere @ the act of, charge, download
# -es @ collective
# -el @ personification
# -me @ meaning, amount, measure
Endings, and Second Syllables
The Akkia galactic language uses these Endings (or special Afixes) shown here to place Word meaning and their Role in a Sentence. Other subtle and practical things are shown most of the time as a group of one, two or three letters inside the first and the next syllable, that is known as Second Syllable. They add really important meaning to Words. As for Declension, the use of Words must declare their subtle and practical Role. For that, they come at the "End" of Words. There are more Endings, but they must come just before this special kind of Ending, that is Declension, except for Counters or any equivalent to a Counter.
So, these are the Basics on the Akkia galactic language Grammar.
Hope you're enjoying your reading.
This article is part of a summary set of essential explanations on Grammar, but I'll have examples as soon as possible.
Mail me with your questions, and I'll try to answer the most succinct as possible.
I want to thank my friends who are pushing me up with the Akkia galatic language, so to have a more precise description and understanding of her.
Thank you very much, my friends, and...
... Stay Plugged.
(Edited on September 13, 2011, Belo Horizonte, Brazil)
This is not used this way, anymore. Basically, these were the first atempt into define the declension cases, but these are old. The new declension takes in question, being essentially the same, and without the translative case, which morphosyntatic alignment is being used. It includes the tripartite, because the pure forma of a word may also be used, but the name (nama) of a word is not a case; in other languages, it would be the nominative, but not in this language.
I'll have a new post on this, as soon as possible.
Thank you.
The galactic language is made with a Topic-Comment structure, where Articles and Declension Cases marking words to make a free Word Order sentence formation, but essentially the Topic is the First Argument of a Phrase.
Art (Articles)
Articles, called "Art" in Akkia, are Formal and used only when they're obligatory, so as for, they are: 1. active (der), 2. accusative (al), 3. dative|lative (al|-i), 4. starter (ab), 5. conceptual (el), and 6. agent other (+o).
Example:
Abbar (Man): Der abbar (the man; that do something); Al abbar (the man); Al abbrai (to the man; receptive); Ab abbar (from the man; starts with); El abbar (all that is man; manly); Abbra o (the man; not the real agent, used in summon, quote, or citation).
Simple Declension
In Akkia, the words are marked (or not: nominative) with their practical use inside the Sentence. This can be made by the use of Articles, Particles, Word Order (special), other special formulae, Second Syllables, and the very common and useful Declension cases.
Essentially, they're special Endings for Words.
The Declension Cases, in Akkia, are: 1. nominative, 2. accusative, 3. dative|lative, 4. trigger, 5. genitive, and 6. equative.
Example:
- Der abbar vil-a al kaybta al ena-i wa.
- The man (active) gives (verb second) the key (accusative) to the woman (dative|lative).
Notes:
This exemple shows SVO structure, but it's here to be used as an exemple. In fact, Akkia doesn't need any special Word Order. What's important comes first, so "Der abbar" is the Topic, and you're speaking about it.
Now, you can start speaking about it without addressing it anymore, or until the emergence of some other Topic into the conversation.
The word "wa" is a Particle, and a Sentence type of Final, that marks "new information".
Declension
nama, nominative
# not marked
# a Name, Topic or Phrasal Subject
weimming, plural
# there is no simple plural in Akkia
# -banda, -bi, -ta, -kesa, -staka, +lot
# you may use all these to show possibility and use to show duality, more than one, groupe, or also a collective
# see: numbers and counters
sáaka, accusative
# -äs, -ä, -ta; -wara (formal)
# or use Focus: +ka
# it always indicates the Argument
ikklant, dative|lative
# -i, +i (post)
# motion, reception, or direction (to)
taktanta, genitive
# -as, -n, -en (possibility), -täs; -sawa (formal)
# as a Word, it's: (a)taas (by)
# possession, component, or participation
affya, trigger
# -ya, -ia, -ea, -äa
# marks the Word that is the Focus
ekling, equative
# -e, -ae
# equality, same, similitude
# -käe
# shows group, or common relation
Old Delension - Museum
# It's not in use, anymore, but it's here to show if I decide to use it in the future again. You may use it, as you wish. I'll probably understand, as all speakers will.
tenka, partitive
# -äs, -is, -ous, -ta; -káami (formal)
# unfinished, undetermined, indefinite, unknown identity
ikking, translative
# -(k)ki, -(k)iwa --> for incomplete
# -(en|er|es|el|em)king --> for complete (Narasalama)
# -(k)kiya --> for trigger
# transform something (into this)
Demonstratives
# na, ina, ana @ person, culture
# ra, ira, ara @ idea, centre, argument
# sa, isa, asa @ thing; known
# la, ila, ala @ time; ending as adjective, as prefix negates an adjective
# ma, ima, ama @ place; I (f) (Pronoun)
# (f) stands for: the Formal Relation Level of the Akkia language
# To use these Words, you need first to put i- (before) for Nama, or a- for the other declensions.
Notes:
You use "na" as a particle, but "ina" as "a person", and "ana" as "this person", but there are other Words derived from this, as "anata" to speak about "this indefinite person", the "naka" that means "someone", or "innaka" used to address second person singular "you" as a special person that's topicalyzed into the conversation.
The use of Demonstratives as Afixes
Narasalama, demonstratives
# the demonstrative word group used as afixes
# -en @ possibility
# -ere @ the act of, charge, download
# -es @ collective
# -el @ personification
# -me @ meaning, amount, measure
Endings, and Second Syllables
The Akkia galactic language uses these Endings (or special Afixes) shown here to place Word meaning and their Role in a Sentence. Other subtle and practical things are shown most of the time as a group of one, two or three letters inside the first and the next syllable, that is known as Second Syllable. They add really important meaning to Words. As for Declension, the use of Words must declare their subtle and practical Role. For that, they come at the "End" of Words. There are more Endings, but they must come just before this special kind of Ending, that is Declension, except for Counters or any equivalent to a Counter.
So, these are the Basics on the Akkia galactic language Grammar.
Hope you're enjoying your reading.
This article is part of a summary set of essential explanations on Grammar, but I'll have examples as soon as possible.
Mail me with your questions, and I'll try to answer the most succinct as possible.
I want to thank my friends who are pushing me up with the Akkia galatic language, so to have a more precise description and understanding of her.
Thank you very much, my friends, and...
... Stay Plugged.
(Edited on September 13, 2011, Belo Horizonte, Brazil)
This is not used this way, anymore. Basically, these were the first atempt into define the declension cases, but these are old. The new declension takes in question, being essentially the same, and without the translative case, which morphosyntatic alignment is being used. It includes the tripartite, because the pure forma of a word may also be used, but the name (nama) of a word is not a case; in other languages, it would be the nominative, but not in this language.
I'll have a new post on this, as soon as possible.
Thank you.
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